{"@context":["https://w3id.org/fdo/context/v1",{"schema":"https://schema.org/","prov":"http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#","fdo":"https://w3id.org/fdo/vocabulary/"}],"@id":"https://fdo.portal.mardi4nfdi.de/fdo/Q955072","@type":"DigitalObject","kernel":{"@id":"https://fdo.portal.mardi4nfdi.de/fdo/Q955072","digitalObjectType":"https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle","primaryIdentifier":"mardi:Q955072","kernelVersion":"v1","immutable":true,"modified":"2026-01-14T05:18:16Z"},"profile":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q955072","name":"Application of least square method to arbitrary-order problems with separated boundary conditions","headline":"Application of least square method to arbitrary-order problems with separated boundary conditions","description":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5368385","url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q955072","datePublished":"2008-11-18","author":[{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q388679"}],"publisher":[{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q61355"}],"identifier":{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/J.CAM.2007.11.017","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CAM.2007.11.017"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CAM.2007.11.017"],"comment":"The author presents a B-spline method to approximate by least-squares solutions of higher ordinary differential equations   (i) \\(g(t,y(t),y'(t),\\dots, y^{(n)}(t))= 0\\), \\(a\\leq t\\leq b\\), with separated boundary conditions   (ii) \\(\\sum^{m-1}_{j=1} \\alpha_{ij} y^{(j)}(a_i)= A_0\\), \\(i= 1,\\dots, m\\), \\(a\\leq a_1\\leq a_2\\leq\\cdots\\), \\(a_m\\leq b\\).   The method generates a sequence of functions   \\[ v_k(t)= \\sum_{i\\in S(k)} c_i B_{ki}(t),\\;S(k)= (-m,\\dots, (m+1)2^{m-1}- 1)), \\]   \\(k\\in\\mathbb{N}\\), where \\(B_{ki}\\) are specially chosen \\(m\\)th degree B-splines. Given \\(\\varepsilon> 0\\), choose \\(k\\in\\mathbb{N}\\) and \\(c_i(k)\\) so that \\(v_k(t)\\) satisfies (ii) and   \\[ \\int^b_a g(t,v_k(t),\\dots, v^{(m)}_k(t))^2\\,dt<\\varepsilon. \\]   The sequence \\(v_k(t)\\) converges to a solution of (i), (ii), \\(k\\to\\infty\\).  Results of computations for eight test problems are given which include linear equations of order \\(m= 5,8,9,12\\) and nonlinear ones of order \\(m= 2,4\\).","citation":[{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q1372803"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q5518219"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q4323722"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2367493"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3224447"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3732891"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3028583"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q4185758"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q4254658"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3210059"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3838269"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q676160"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q1895921"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q5948582"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q1591925"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q1208542"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2489358"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q884625"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2493738"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q971449"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q990476"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q884543"}]},"provenance":{"prov:generatedAtTime":"2026-01-14T05:18:16Z","prov:wasAttributedTo":"MaRDI Knowledge Graph"}}