{"@context":["https://w3id.org/fdo/context/v1",{"schema":"https://schema.org/","prov":"http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#","fdo":"https://w3id.org/fdo/vocabulary/"}],"@id":"https://fdo.portal.mardi4nfdi.de/fdo/Q306362","@type":"DigitalObject","kernel":{"@id":"https://fdo.portal.mardi4nfdi.de/fdo/Q306362","digitalObjectType":"https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle","primaryIdentifier":"mardi:Q306362","kernelVersion":"v1","immutable":true,"modified":"2026-01-23T02:35:53Z"},"profile":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q306362","name":"General fractional variational problem depending on indefinite integrals","headline":"General fractional variational problem depending on indefinite integrals","description":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6620989","url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q306362","datePublished":"2016-08-31","author":[{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q306361"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q693565"}],"publisher":[{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q57895"}],"identifier":{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/S11075-015-0076-5","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/S11075-015-0076-5"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/S11075-015-0076-5"],"comment":"Let \\(a,b \\in \\mathbb{R}\\), \\(a<b\\), \\(\\gamma>0\\), \\(k \\in \\mathbb{Z}_+\\), \\(k-1<\\gamma<k\\), \\(x \\in [a,b]\\). If \\(y\\in AC([a,b])\\) we define  \\[ \\begin{aligned} {}_{a}I_{x}^{\\gamma}y&={1 \\over {\\Gamma(\\gamma)}} \\int_{a}^{x} (x-t)^{\\gamma-1} y(t) \\,dt,\\\\ {}_{x}I_{b}^{\\gamma} y&={1 \\over {\\Gamma(\\gamma)}} \\int_{x}^{b} (t-x)^{\\gamma-1} y(t) \\,dt;\\\\ {}_{a}D_{x}^{\\gamma} y&={1 \\over {\\Gamma(k-\\gamma)}} (\\int_{a}^{\\cdot}(\\cdot-t)^{k-\\gamma-1} y(t)\\, dt)^{(k)}(x),\\\\ {}_{x}D_{b}^{\\gamma}y&={(-1)^{k} \\over {\\Gamma(k-\\gamma)}} (\\int_{\\cdot}^{b}(t-\\cdot)^{k-\\gamma-1} y(t) \\,dt)^{(k)}(x);\\end{aligned} \\]  if \\(y \\in AC^k([a,b])\\) we define  \\[ \\begin{aligned} {}_{a}^{C}D_{x}^{\\gamma} y&={1 \\over {\\Gamma(k-\\gamma)}} \\int_{a}^{x}(x-t)^{k-\\gamma-1}y^{(k)}(t)\\,dt,\\\\ {}_{x}^{C}D_{b}^{\\gamma} y&={{(-1)^{k}} \\over {\\Gamma(k-\\gamma)}} \\int_{x}^{b}(t-x)^{k-\\gamma-1} y^{(k)}(t) \\,dt.\\end{aligned} \\]  Let \\(m,n \\in \\mathbb{Z}_+\\), \\(\\beta \\in ]0,+\\infty[^{m}\\), \\(\\alpha \\in ]0,+\\infty[^{n}\\), \\(k-1<\\alpha_{k}<k\\) for \\(k\\in\\{1,\\dots,n\\}\\), \\({\\mathcal F}^{n}([a,b], \\mathbb{R}^{m})=\\{y \\in AC^{n}([a,b]), \\mathbb{R}^{m}) : {}_{a}^{C}D_{\\cdot}^{\\alpha}y \\text{ and } {}_{a}I_{\\cdot}^{\\beta}y \\text{ are continuous}\\}\\), \\(f:[a,b] \\times \\mathbb{R}^{(n+2)m} \\rightarrow \\mathbb{R}\\), \\(F:[a,b] \\times \\mathbb{R}^{(n+2)m+1}\\rightarrow \\mathbb{R}\\) continuously differentiable, \\(y_{a}^{k},y_{b}^{k} \\in \\mathbb{R}^{m}\\) for \\(k \\in \\{0,\\dots,n-1\\}\\), \\(J:\\{y \\in {\\mathcal F}^{n}([a,b], \\mathbb{R}^{m}): y^{(k)}(a)=y_{a}^{k}, y^{(k)}(b)=y_{b}^{k} \\text{ for } k \\in \\{0,\\dots,n-1\\}\\} \\rightarrow \\mathbb{R}\\), \\(J(y)=\\int_{a}^{b}F([y](x))\\,dx\\), where \\(\\{y\\}(x)=(x,y(x),{}_{a}^{C}D_{x}^{\\alpha}y,{}_{a}I_{x}^{\\beta}y)\\) and \\([y](x)=(\\{y\\}(x),\\int_{a}^{x} f(\\{y\\}(t))\\,dt)\\).  Theorem. If \\(y\\) is a minimizer of \\(J\\), then \\(y\\) is a solution of the equation:  \\[ \\begin{multlined} \\partial_{1+j}F([y](x))+\\sum_{i=1}^{n}{}_{x}D_{b}^{\\alpha_{i}}(\\partial_{1+m+i+n(j-1)} F)\\circ[y] +{}_{x}I_{b}^{\\beta_{j}}(\\partial_{1+m(1+n)+j}F)\\circ[y] \\\\ + \\int_{x}^{b}\\partial_{2+m(2+n)}F([y](t))\\,dt\\partial_{1+j}f(\\{y\\}(x))\\\\ + \\sum_{i=1}^{n}{}_{x}D_{b}^{\\alpha_{i}}(\\int_{\\cdot}^{b} \\partial_{2+m(2+n)}F([y](t))\\,dt (\\partial_{1+m+i+n(j-1)}f)\\circ\\{y\\})\\\\ + {}_{x}I_{b}^{\\beta_{j}}(\\int_{\\cdot}^{b} \\partial_{2+m(2+n)}F([y](t))\\,dt(\\partial_{1+m(1+n)+j}f)\\circ\\{y\\})=0,\\quad j\\in\\{1,\\dots,m\\}.\\end{multlined} \\]  The authors give also necessary optimality conditions if the interval of integration is a proper subset of \\([a,b]\\) and study the isoperimetric problem. Moreover they give a numerical method and discuss the convergence of such method.","citation":[{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3508913"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q654044"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q4438586"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2735592"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q847273"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q5699297"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3141902"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q718460"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q5292573"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q1849198"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q640507"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q980180"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q5485527"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3504455"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q988346"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q651580"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2382679"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q430324"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q316086"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q455903"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q481053"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2846198"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q639047"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q5454598"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2971371"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q837605"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2852389"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3060967"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q1412413"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q5332396"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3141895"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q1297590"},{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q3996430"}]},"provenance":{"prov:generatedAtTime":"2026-01-23T02:35:53Z","prov:wasAttributedTo":"MaRDI Knowledge Graph"}}