{"@context":["https://w3id.org/fdo/context/v1",{"schema":"https://schema.org/","prov":"http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#","fdo":"https://w3id.org/fdo/vocabulary/"}],"@id":"https://fdo.portal.mardi4nfdi.de/fdo/Q2483786","@type":"DigitalObject","kernel":{"@id":"https://fdo.portal.mardi4nfdi.de/fdo/Q2483786","digitalObjectType":"https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle","primaryIdentifier":"mardi:Q2483786","kernelVersion":"v1","immutable":true,"modified":"2026-04-03T04:27:51Z"},"profile":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2483786","name":"Optimal \\(\\text{SL}(2)\\)-homomorphisms.","headline":"Optimal \\(\\text{SL}(2)\\)-homomorphisms.","description":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2190261","url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q2483786","datePublished":"2005-08-01","author":[{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q234436"}],"publisher":[{"@id":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/entity/Q185403"}],"identifier":{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4171/CMH/19","url":"https://doi.org/10.4171/CMH/19"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4171/CMH/19"],"comment":"Let \\(G\\) be a semisimple group over an algebraically closed field of `very good' characteristic \\(p\\). Let \\(\\varphi\\colon\\text{SL}_2\\to G\\) be a homomorphism and put \\(X=d\\varphi\\left(\\begin{smallmatrix} 0&1\\\\ 0&0\\end{smallmatrix}\\right)\\). Then \\(X\\) is an unstable vector in the sense of geometric invariant theory. Now \\(\\varphi\\) is called optimal for \\(X\\) if the cocharacter \\({\\mathbf G}_m\\to G\\) which one gets by identifying \\({\\mathbf G}_m\\) with the diagonal subgroup of \\(\\text{SL}_2\\) is optimal in the sense of Kempf and Rousseau.   It is shown that two optimal \\(\\text{SL}_2\\)-homomorphisms are conjugate under the connected centralizer of \\(X\\). Applying this to the case that \\(X\\) is a regular nilpotent one deduces that there is a unique conjugacy class of principal homomorphisms \\(\\text{SL}_2\\to G\\). It is shown that the image of an optimal homomorphism is a completely reducible subgroup in the sense of Serre. It is also shown that optimal homomorphisms are good in the sense of Seitz, meaning that all weights of \\({\\mathbf G}_m\\) in \\(\\text{Lie}(G)\\) are \\(\\leq 2p-2\\). Moreover the \\(\\text{SL}_2\\)-module \\(\\text{Lie}(G)\\) is tilting. Finally rationality questions are treated.   In an appendix Serre discusses Springer isomorphisms from the variety of unipotent elements in \\(G\\) to the variety of nilpotent elements in \\(\\text{Lie}(G)\\)."},"provenance":{"prov:generatedAtTime":"2026-04-03T04:27:51Z","prov:wasAttributedTo":"MaRDI Knowledge Graph"}}